• Medications – Antibiotics to treat infections and supportive care for urinary symptoms.
• Catheterization – Temporary bladder drainage to reduce pressure and control symptoms.
• Endoscopic or Minimally Invasive Surgery – In selected cases, laser or laparoscopic techniques may be used to repair the fistula.
• Surgical Repair – Definitive treatment involving closure of the fistula and restoration of normal anatomy.

Symptoms:

• Passing stool or gas in urine
• Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Foul-smelling or cloudy urine
• Pelvic pain or discomfort
• Urinary incontinence or difficulty urinating

Causes:

• Complications from pelvic surgery (e.g., prostate or bladder surgery)
• Trauma or injury to the pelvic area
• Colorectal or bladder cancer
• Radiation therapy for pelvic cancers
• Chronic infections or inflammatory bowel disease

• Prompt treatment of urinary and rectal infections
• Careful surgical techniques during pelvic operations
• Regular cancer screening and timely treatment
• Managing chronic bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease
• Avoiding pelvic trauma and radiation exposure where possible